{"id":1626,"date":"2019-10-24T16:05:54","date_gmt":"2019-10-24T23:05:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/?page_id=1626"},"modified":"2021-01-13T16:02:33","modified_gmt":"2021-01-14T00:02:33","slug":"1-17-vu-kien-toa-an-toi-cao-endrew-f-la-gi-tai-sao-day-lai-la-quyet-dinh-giao-duc-dac-biet-quan-trong","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/serr-manual\/chuong-1-thong-tin-ve-cac-quyen-co-ba%cc%89n\/1-17-vu-kien-toa-an-toi-cao-endrew-f-la-gi-tai-sao-day-lai-la-quyet-dinh-giao-duc-dac-biet-quan-trong\/","title":{"rendered":"(1.17) V\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n T\u00f2a \u00c1n T\u1ed1i Cao Endrew F. l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>Endrew F.<\/em> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00c1n T\u1ed1i Cao n\u0103m 2017 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (FAPE) theo IDEA.&nbsp; T\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 <em>Endrew F. v. Douglas County School District<\/em>, 137 S. Ct. 988 (U.S. 2017).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t tr\u1ebb m\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 k\u1ef7, Endrew, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi danh v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng l\u1eadp \u1edf Colorado t\u1eeb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp b\u1ed1n.&nbsp; M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 em \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n (IEP) m\u1edbi m\u1ed7i n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c IEP ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.&nbsp; Endrew \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi H\u1ecdc Khu ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n IEP cho n\u0103m h\u1ecdc l\u1edbp 5 c\u1ee7a Endrew, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, IEP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng FAPE, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c IEP tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a em.&nbsp; L\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, ph\u1ee5 huynh c\u1ee7a em \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a Endrew ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng l\u1eadp. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a em \u1ea5y v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh cho tr\u1ebb t\u1ef1 k\u1ef7. Em \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u1ee5 huynh c\u1ee7a Endrew \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f2i b\u1ed3i ho\u00e0n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u phi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ea7n theo th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd.&nbsp; H\u1ecd kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp m\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 Endrew nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c FAPE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a phi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 huynh, k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb IEP c\u1ee7a H\u1ecdc Khu l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Ph\u1ee5 huynh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o l\u00ean t\u00f2a \u00e1n khu v\u1ef1c li\u00ean bang nh\u01b0ng t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a phi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ea7n. Ti\u1ebfp theo, c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 huynh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o l\u00ean T\u00f2a Ph\u00fac Th\u1ea9m Khu V\u1ef1c 10. Kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Khu V\u1ef1c 10 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t IEP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 theo IDEA n\u1ebfu IEP \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u00e0 \u201cch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n <em>m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/em>\u201d. T\u00f2a \u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng Endrew \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i FAPE v\u00ec IEP c\u1ee7a em \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p em \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1edfi <em>U.S. Supreme Court in Board of Education of the Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley<\/em>, 458 U.S.C. 176 (U.S. 1982). <em>Rowley<\/em> l\u00e0 v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 T\u00f2a \u00c1n T\u1ed1i Cao ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 IDEA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u1ee5 huynh c\u1ee7a Endrew \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o l\u00ean T\u00f2a \u00c1n T\u1ed1i Cao Hoa K\u1ef3. Trong m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng, t\u00f2a \u00e1n t\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 huynh c\u1ee7a Endrew. T\u00f2a \u00c1n b\u00e1c b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a Khu V\u1ef1c 10, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c mang \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u201cch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n <em>m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/em>\u201d cho tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb n\u0103m n\u00e0y sang n\u0103m kh\u00e1c th\u00ec \u201ckh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c\u201d. Theo T\u00f2a \u00c1n, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a FAPE l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u h\u1ecdc khu c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u201cm\u1ed9t IEP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb\u201d hay kh\u00f4ng. T\u00f2a \u00c1n T\u1ed1i Cao l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng IDEA nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc sinh \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhu c\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau mang t\u00ednh th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tham v\u1ecdng th\u00f4ng qua IEP. [Xem <em>Endrew F.<\/em> 137 S. Ct. at 990.]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Endrew F. \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00c1n T\u1ed1i Cao n\u0103m 2017 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":321,"menu_order":17,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1626","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1626","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1626"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1626\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3595,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1626\/revisions\/3595"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/321"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1626"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}