{"id":2258,"date":"2019-12-05T13:21:41","date_gmt":"2019-12-05T21:21:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/?page_id=2258"},"modified":"2021-02-07T22:31:31","modified_gmt":"2021-02-08T06:31:31","slug":"7-2-cac-thuat-ngu-long-ghep-hoa-nhap-hoa-nhap-hoan-toan-va-long-ghep-dao-nguoc-co-nghia-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/serr-manual\/chuong-7-thong-tin-ve-moi-truong-it-han-che-nhat\/7-2-cac-thuat-ngu-long-ghep-hoa-nhap-hoa-nhap-hoan-toan-va-long-ghep-dao-nguoc-co-nghia-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"(7.2) C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cl\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p\u201d, \u201ch\u00f2a nh\u1eadp\u201d, \u201ch\u00f2a nh\u1eadp ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cl\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong c\u00e1c quy ch\u1ebf li\u00ean bang ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ec3u bang. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 LRE c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c nhau (h\u1ecdc khu, C\u00e1c Khu V\u1ef1c K\u1ebf Ho\u1ea1ch Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1eb7c Bi\u1ec7t (Special Education Local Plan Areas, SELPA) ho\u1eb7c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng qu\u1eadn) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, h\u00e3y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>L\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p <\/strong>\u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ebb nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt \u2014 ngay c\u1ea3 khi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c b\u1ed5 sung.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>H\u00f2a nh\u1eadp <\/strong>bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn, h\u00f2a chung v\u00e0 tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc. H\u00f2a nh\u1eadp k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng l\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 \u0111\u1ed3ng trang l\u1ee9a kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt. H\u1ecdc sinh b\u1ecb khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chung c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0103n tr\u01b0a, bu\u1ed5i t\u1eadp trung, c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9, khi\u00eau v\u0169 ho\u1eb7c ngh\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3i lao. H\u1ecdc sinh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c tin h\u1ecdc. H\u1ecdc sinh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh quy trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p. H\u1ecdc sinh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n nghi gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt, bao g\u1ed3m h\u00e0nh lang, nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, c\u0103ng-tin v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>H\u00f2a nh\u1eadp <\/strong>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng theo ngh\u0129a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 trong \u201cl\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p\u201d. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u201ch\u00f2a nh\u1eadp\u201d c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1edbp gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp (ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng). Vi\u1ec7c x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp \u201ch\u00f2a nh\u1eadp\u201d bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa h\u1ecdc sinh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>H\u00f2a nh\u1eadp ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n <\/strong>\u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Trong h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp v\u00e0o trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ecdc sinh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecdc sinh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb l\u1edbp gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. H\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u1edf trong l\u1edbp 100% th\u1eddi gian, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 li\u00ean quan nh\u01b0 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p l\u1eddi n\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt l\u00fd tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ec3 xem danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn\u201cH\u00f2a Nh\u1eadp Ho\u00e0n To\u00e0n\u201d v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp, h\u00e3y xem <em>C\u00e1c Ch\u1ec9 B\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00ecnh H\u00f2a Nh\u1eadp Ho\u00e0n To\u00e0n cho H\u1ecdc Sinh Khuy\u1ebft T\u1eadt<\/em>, Ph\u1ea7n Ph\u1ee5 L\u1ee5c, Ph\u1ee5 L\u1ee5c O.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>L\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c <\/strong>\u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trao c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt cho h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc (ho\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc) kh\u00e9p k\u00edn ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 theo h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec3u bang. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc kh\u00e9p k\u00edn, c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec3u bang trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c gia s\u01b0 cho h\u1ecdc sinh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt. C\u00e1c h\u1ecdc khu kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 LRE ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u1ecd n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecdc sinh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. L\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Nh\u00f3m Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00ecnh Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c C\u00e1 Nh\u00e2n (Individualized Education Program, IEP) n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch tr\u1ebb t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa h\u1ecdc sinh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt (c\u1ea3 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp) v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong c\u00e1c quy ch\u1ebf li\u00ean bang ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ec3u bang. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":339,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2258","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2258","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2258"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2258\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4047,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2258\/revisions\/4047"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/339"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}