{"id":2263,"date":"2019-12-05T13:34:57","date_gmt":"2019-12-05T21:34:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/?page_id=2263"},"modified":"2026-09-29T14:33:39","modified_gmt":"2026-09-29T21:33:39","slug":"7-4-what-factors-may-be-important-in-determining-whether-my-child-is-being-educated-to-the-maximum-extent-appropriate-with-their-non-disabled-peers","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/serr-manual\/chuong-7-thong-tin-ve-moi-truong-it-han-che-nhat\/7-4-what-factors-may-be-important-in-determining-whether-my-child-is-being-educated-to-the-maximum-extent-appropriate-with-their-non-disabled-peers\/","title":{"rendered":"(7.4) Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u con t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1edf ph\u1ea1m vi t\u1ed1i \u0111a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt?\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Trong v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n Rachel Holland<\/em>, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch xem li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc khu c\u00f3 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t hay kh\u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. L\u1ee3i \u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ecdc sinh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt trong l\u1edbp gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, so v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i \u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t;\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. L\u1ee3i \u00edch phi h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt;\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1c trong l\u1edbp v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi g\u00e2y r\u1ed1i v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean;\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Chi ph\u00ed l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p h\u1ecdc sinh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt v\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng so v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp cho h\u1ecdc sinh trong m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb n\u00e0o quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u h\u1ecdc khu c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 LRE hay kh\u00f4ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt trong IEP \u1edf l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u00f3m IEP v\u1eabn n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 hai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i \u00edch phi h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp. Mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 th\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e1ng, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5\u202fRachel H. \u202f<\/em>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng, ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb sau v\u1ee5 Rachel H.<\/em> cho th\u1ea5y n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong l\u1edbp gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau IEP, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau phi h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 h\u00e0nh vi\/th\u00edch \u1ee9ng, giao ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\/c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1edbp gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng.1<\/a><\/sup> Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i l\u1ee3i \u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ea1i California, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n IEP v\u00e0 x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. T\u00f2a \u00c1n trong v\u1ee5\u00a0Rachel H<\/em>\u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1:\u202f\u201cC\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a [\u0110\u1ea1o Lu\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Khuy\u1ebft T\u1eadt (IDEA)] \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u1ecdc sinh [khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt] ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho tr\u1ebb\u201d.2<\/a><\/sup> Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trong IEP ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh li\u1ec7u tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 hay kh\u00f4ng n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ecdc sinh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng.3<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Trong v\u1ee5 D.R. v. Redondo Beach Unified School District<\/em> (9th Cir. 2023), t\u00f2a \u00e1n t\u00e1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau IEP khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t (LRE). Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh t\u00edch theo c\u1ea5p l\u1edbp. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0m r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc sinh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng. T\u00f2a \u00e1n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau IEP, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau phi h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u1ecfi l\u1edbp ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng. T\u00f2a \u00e1n nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 LRE ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng, ngay c\u1ea3 khi l\u1edbp ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u00e1n l\u1ec7 Rachel H.<\/em> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c. (D.R. v. Redondo Beach Unified Sch. Dist.<\/em>, 9th Cir. 2023). <\/p>\n

    1. Xem\u202fHartmann by Hartmann v. Loudoun County Bd. of Educ<\/em>., 118 F.3d 996 (4th Cir. 1997);\u202fPoolaw v. Bishop<\/em>, 67 F.3d 830 (9th Cir. 1995);\u202fCounty of San Diego v. California Special Education Hearing Office<\/em>, 93 F.3d 1458 (9th Cir. 1996).[\u21a9<\/a>]<\/span><\/li>
    2. 786 F. Supp. at 879.[\u21a9<\/a>]<\/span><\/li>
    3. 20 U.S.C. Sec. 1412(a)(5)(A); 34 C.F.R. Sec. 300,320(a)(4); Cal. Ed. Code Sec. 56345(a)(4).[\u21a9<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Trong v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n Rachel Holland, t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch xem li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ebfp…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":339,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_customify_content_layout":"","_customify_sidebar":"","_customify_page_header_display":"default","_customify_disable_header":"","_customify_disable_header_top":"","_customify_disable_header_main":"","_customify_disable_header_bottom":"","_customify_disable_page_title":"","_customify_disable_content_vertical_padding":"","_customify_disable_footer_top":"","_customify_disable_footer_main":"","_customify_disable_footer_bottom":"","_customify_breadcrumb_display":"default","_customify_header_transparent_display":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2263","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2263","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2263"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2263\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5099,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2263\/revisions\/5099"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/339"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2263"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}