Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng tr\u1ebb. Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n xem x\u00e9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc sinh trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra (ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra) v\u00ec m\u1ed7i h\u1ecdc sinh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t. [34 C.F.R. Sec. 300.304; Cal. Ed. Code Sec. 56320.] <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ebb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean khi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5 huynh c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb h\u0103m h\u1ecda. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Chuy\u00ean gia t\u00e2m l\u00fd, b\u00e1c s\u0129 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, chuy\u00ean gia nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra cho qu\u00fd v\u1ecb. Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ecfi b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra, c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra. \u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y; t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a con qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c con qu\u00fd v\u1ecb l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111a v\u0103n h\u00f3a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(1) B\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7? T\u1ee9c l\u00e0, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 (\u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady) hay kh\u00f4ng? B\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng theo \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra (t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7) hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(2) C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00e0y c\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m d\u00e2n c\u01b0 m\u00e0 tr\u1ebb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean hay kh\u00f4ng? T\u1ee9c l\u00e0, n\u1ebfu tr\u1ebb l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c \u00c1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c \u00c1 c\u00f3 n\u1eb1m trong m\u1eabu ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(3) \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng? T\u1ee9c l\u00e0, n\u1ebfu tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i l\u1eddi n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu con qu\u00fd v\u1ecb b\u1ecb khi\u1ebfm th\u1ecb, h\u1ecdc khu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c quan hay kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu con qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y Ban Nha… b\u1ecb khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t… b\u1ecb khi\u1ebfm th\u00ednh, v.v., th\u00ec tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf b\u1edfi c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(4) Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra, am hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o trong vi\u1ec7c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 hay kh\u00f4ng? Con qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9. [Cal. Ed. Code Sec. 56320(a) & (b)(3).] (5) Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh sao cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i hay kh\u00f4ng? C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, lo l\u1eafng, \u0111\u00f3i, ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c, s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, v.v. Quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ea9m<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng tr\u1ebb.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":324,"menu_order":42,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-590","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/590","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=590"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/590\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3760,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/590\/revisions\/3760"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/324"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=590"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}