{"id":598,"date":"2019-07-15T10:52:47","date_gmt":"2019-07-15T17:52:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rula.disabilityrightsca.org\/serr\/vi\/?page_id=598"},"modified":"2026-09-29T13:20:27","modified_gmt":"2026-09-29T20:20:27","slug":"2-46-what-is-the-larry-p-v-riles-case","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/serr-manual\/chuong-2-thong-tin-danh-gia-tham-dinh\/2-46-what-is-the-larry-p-v-riles-case\/","title":{"rendered":"(2.46) V\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa Larry P. v\u00e0 Riles l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

V\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa Larry P. v\u00e0 Riles (Larry P.)<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1971 khi n\u0103m tr\u1ebb em ng\u01b0\u1eddi Da \u0110en \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1edbp gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t d\u00e0nh cho \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eadm ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c\u201d (educable mentally retarded, EMR) t\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc Khu Th\u1ed1ng Nh\u1ea5t San Francisco (San Francisco Unified School District) n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n ki\u1ec7n l\u00ean T\u00f2a \u00c1n H\u1ecdc Khu Li\u00ean Bang B\u1eafc California (Federal District Court of Northern California), khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c em \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb x\u1ebfp nh\u1ea7m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1edbp EMR d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh t\u00edch trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed.1<\/a><\/sup> V\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n x\u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Da \u0110en \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1edbp EMR so v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Da \u0110en trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ecdc khu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f2a \u00c1n \u0111\u00e3 ra ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc khu \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra IQ \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c x\u1ebfp h\u1ecdc sinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Da \u0110en v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc EMR. Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean trong l\u1ea7n kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1984.2<\/a><\/sup> N\u0103m 1986, sau m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean khi California b\u00e3i b\u1ecf h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c EMR, T\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra IQ \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u1ecdc sinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Da \u0110en n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.3<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1994, v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa Crawford v\u00e0 Honig<\/em> \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em Da \u0110en trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Trong v\u1ee5 Crawford<\/em>, c\u00e1c em h\u1ecdc sinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Da \u0110en mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra IQ \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c EMR \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft Larry P.<\/em> n\u0103m 1986, v\u1ed1n c\u1ea5m m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3m tra IQ \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb em ng\u01b0\u1eddi Da \u0110en trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. T\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u0103m 1986, cho ph\u00e9p ba h\u1ecdc sinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Da \u0110en \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra IQ v\u00ec ph\u1ee5 huynh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, v\u1ed1n gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft Larry P.<\/em> n\u0103m 1976, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh trong kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o.4<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u00e1p l\u00fd g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a S\u1edf Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c California (CDE) v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0m r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng \u201cl\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m Larry P.<\/em> v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c\u201d v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc khu b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u201cb\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a\u201d nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c x\u1ebfp h\u1ecdc sinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Da \u0110en v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u201cg\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d v\u1edbi h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 EMR.5<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1eeb Hi\u1ec7p H\u1ed9i T\u00e2m L\u00fd H\u1ecdc \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng California (California Association of School Psychologists), \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra IQ kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ebfp h\u1ecdc sinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Da \u0110en v\u00e0o h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c Khuy\u1ebft T\u1eadt Tr\u00ed Tu\u1ec7 (\u201cID\u201d), nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 d\u00f9ng b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra IQ cho nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt nghi ng\u1edd kh\u00e1c hay kh\u00f4ng, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 h\u1ecd tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1p l\u00fd kh\u00e1c.6<\/a><\/sup>C\u00e1c h\u1ecdc khu \u0111\u00f4i khi hi\u1ec3u sai r\u1eb1ng Larry P.<\/em> ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, trong khi tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Larry P.<\/em> v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a CDE cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Da \u0110en c\u00f3 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ecf s\u00f3t ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n sai do h\u1ecdc khu kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00ec hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 Larry P.<\/em>, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (independent education evaluation, IEE). Th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 IEE c\u00f3 t\u1ea1i SERR, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2.27-2.29.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (SLD), CDE, trong b\u1ea3n ghi nh\u1edb v\u1ec1 l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m Larry P.<\/em> (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y), kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ea5m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra IQ. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, CDE n\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc khu ch\u1ecdn \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee7 SLD, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3m tra IQ \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

  1. Larry P. v. Riles<\/em>, 495 F. Supp. 926 (N.D. Cal. 1979).[\u21a9<\/a>]<\/span><\/li>
  2. Larry P. v. Riles<\/em>, 793 F.2d 969 (9th Cir. 1984).[\u21a9<\/a>]<\/span><\/li>
  3. Xem Crawford v. Honig<\/em>, 37 F.3d 485, 486 (9th Cir. 1994).[\u21a9<\/a>]<\/span><\/li>
  4. Xem Crawford, <\/em>37 F.3d t\u1ea1i 488-89.[\u21a9<\/a>]<\/span><\/li>
  5. Xem Cal. Dep\u2019t of Educ., Mem. Re. Special Education Assessment of African American Students (B\u1ea3n Ghi Nh\u1edb C\u1ee7a S\u1edf Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c California V\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7c \u0110\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1 Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1eb7c Bi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed1i V\u1edbi H\u1ecdc Sinh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 G\u1ed1c Phi) (Ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 9, 2022), c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n t\u1ea1i <\/em>https:\/\/www.cde.ca.gov\/sp\/se\/memo091422.asp<\/a>.[\u21a9<\/a>]<\/span><\/li>
  6. Xem<\/em> Cal. Assoc. of Sch. Psycs., CASP\u2019s Response to CDE\u2019s Memorandum on Special Education of African American Students<\/em> (Hi\u1ec7p H\u1ed9i T\u00e2m L\u00fd H\u1ecdc \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng California, Ph\u1ea3n H\u1ed3i C\u1ee7a CASP D\u00e0nh Cho B\u1ea3n Ghi Nh\u1edb V\u1ec1 \u0110\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1 Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1eb7c Bi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ed1i V\u1edbi H\u1ecdc Sinh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 G\u1ed1c Phi C\u1ee7a CDE) \u2013 Ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 9, 2022 <\/em>(Ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 10, 2023), c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n t\u1ea1i <\/em>https:\/\/casponline.org\/pdfs\/resource-papers\/Updated%20Larry%20P.%20Guidance%20Paper%2010-10-23.pdf<\/a>.[\u21a9<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    V\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa Larry P. v\u00e0 Riles (Larry P.) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1971 khi n\u0103m tr\u1ebb em ng\u01b0\u1eddi Da \u0110en \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":324,"menu_order":46,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_customify_content_layout":"","_customify_sidebar":"","_customify_page_header_display":"default","_customify_disable_header":"","_customify_disable_header_top":"","_customify_disable_header_main":"","_customify_disable_header_bottom":"","_customify_disable_page_title":"","_customify_disable_content_vertical_padding":"","_customify_disable_footer_top":"","_customify_disable_footer_main":"","_customify_disable_footer_bottom":"","_customify_breadcrumb_display":"default","_customify_header_transparent_display":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-598","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/598","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=598"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/598\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5674,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/598\/revisions\/5674"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/324"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=598"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}