{"id":748,"date":"2019-07-15T15:36:16","date_gmt":"2019-07-15T22:36:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rula.disabilityrightsca.org\/serr\/vi\/?page_id=748"},"modified":"2021-02-07T21:04:31","modified_gmt":"2021-02-08T05:04:31","slug":"5-47-cong-nghe-ho-tro-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/serr-manual\/chuong-5-thong-tin-ve-cac-dich-vu-lien-quan\/5-47-cong-nghe-ho-tro-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"(5.47) C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 (assistive technology, AT) l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1eadt ph\u1ea9m, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o (cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mua ngo\u00e0i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i hay t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng, duy tr\u00ec ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt.&nbsp; [34 C.F.R. Sec. 300.5; Cal. Ed. Code Sec. 56020.5.]&nbsp; D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0:&nbsp; b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u00e0o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ecdc sinh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, mua ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.&nbsp; D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n;&nbsp;<\/li><li>Mua, cho thu\u00ea ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c mua l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt;&nbsp;<\/li><li>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3;&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u0110i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 g\u1eafn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3;<\/li><li>\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho h\u1ecdc sinh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p; v\u00e0<\/li><li>\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia (bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng), ch\u1ee7 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp; [34 C.F.R. Sec. 300.6; 5 C.C.R. Sec. 3051.19.]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh AT theo IDEA l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 k\u00ednh m\u1eaft v\u00e0 m\u00e1y tr\u1ee3 th\u00ednh.&nbsp; [U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) (1995); 22 IDELR 629; OSEP (1993) 20 IDELR 1216; see also Fed. Reg. Vol. 71, No. 156, p. 46581, 8\/14\/06.]&nbsp; Tuy nhi\u00ean, thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t AT ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.&nbsp; [64 Fed. Reg. 12540 (3\/12\/99).]&nbsp; OSEP \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng AT bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u00e1y ghi ch\u00fa \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, m\u00e1y ghi \u00e2m cassette, v.v.), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc sinh.&nbsp; Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh, c\u01a1 quan ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.&nbsp; H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, h\u1ecdc khu ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc sinh, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn h\u1eefu \u00edch c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.&nbsp; [64 Fed. Reg. 12540 (3\/12\/99).]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 (assistive technology, AT) l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1eadt ph\u1ea9m, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o (cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":335,"menu_order":47,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-748","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/748","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=748"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/748\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3955,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/748\/revisions\/3955"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/335"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=748"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}