{"id":2258,"date":"2019-12-05T13:21:41","date_gmt":"2019-12-05T21:21:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/?page_id=2258"},"modified":"2026-09-15T12:20:56","modified_gmt":"2026-09-15T19:20:56","slug":"7-2-what-do-the-terms-mainstreaming-integration-full-inclusion-and-reverse-mainstreaming-mean","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/zh-hant\/serr-manual\/chapter-7-information-on-least-restrictive-environment\/7-2-what-do-the-terms-mainstreaming-integration-full-inclusion-and-reverse-mainstreaming-mean\/","title":{"rendered":"(7.2) \u201c\u7eb3\u5165\u4e3b\u6d41\u201d\u3001\u201c\u878d\u5408\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5b8c\u5168\u878d\u5165\u201d\u548c\u201c\u53cd\u5411\u7eb3\u5165\u4e3b\u6d41\u201d\u6307\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8054\u90a6\u6216\u5dde\u6cd5\u4ee4\u5e76\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u6216\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd9\u4e9b\u672f\u8bed\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u7f16\u5236\u7684\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684 LRE \u8981\u6c42\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u673a\u6784\uff08\u5b66\u533a\u3001\u7279\u8bb8\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u672c\u5730\u89c4\u5212\u533a (Special Education Local Planning Areas, SELPA) \u6216\u53bf\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff09\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u4e0e\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u672f\u8bed\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5c31\u76f8\u5173\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u610f\u89c1\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u7eb3\u5165\u4e3b\u6d41<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\u5b89\u7f6e\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u6559\u80b2\u8bfe\u5802\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u975e\u6b8b\u969c\u540c\u4f34\u4e00\u540c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u7531\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u4eba\u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u989d\u5916\u652f\u6301\u6216\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u6559\u80b2\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u529f\u3002&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u878d\u5408<\/strong>\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u542b\u5c06\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\u7eb3\u5165\u4e00\u822c\u6559\u80b2\u8bfe\u5802\uff0c\u66f4\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5168\u9762\u63a5\u89e6\u5e76\u53c2\u4e0e\u5b66\u6821\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u516c\u7acb\u5b66\u6821\u5b89\u7f6e\u4e0e\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53ca\u81ea\u53d1\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u673a\u4f1a\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u540c\u9f84\u7684\u975e\u6b8b\u969c\u4f19\u4f34\u4e92\u52a8\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4e25\u91cd\u667a\u529b\u969c\u788d\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4e5f\u5e94\u80fd\u591f\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e00\u822c\u5b66\u6821\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5348\u9910\u3001\u96c6\u4f1a\u3001\u793e\u56e2\u3001\u821e\u4f1a\u6216\u8bfe\u95f4\u4f11\u606f\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u52a0\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e00\u822c\u6559\u80b2\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u5982\u827a\u672f\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u6216\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff1b\u82e5\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5185\u5bb9\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u4e14\u63d0\u4f9b\u5145\u8db3\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u4e0e\u5b66\u4e60\u79d1\u76ee\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\u5e94\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u975e\u6b8b\u969c\u540c\u5b66\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u8d70\u5eca\u3001\u6d17\u624b\u95f4\u3001\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u3001\u81ea\u52a9\u98df\u5802\u548c\u4f53\u80b2\u9986\u3002 <strong>\u202f<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u878d\u5408<\/strong>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5c06\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u751f\u5b89\u7f6e\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u6559\u80b2\u8bfe\u5802\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0e\u201c\u7eb3\u5165\u4e3b\u6d41\u201d\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u878d\u5408\u7684\u8303\u7574\u66f4\u5e7f\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u6307\u5c06\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u751f\u5b89\u7f6e\u5728\u540c\u65f6\u5f00\u8bbe\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e0e\u4e00\u822c\u6559\u80b2\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u878d\u5408\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u4f1a\u523b\u610f\u63a8\u52a8\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\u4e0e\u975e\u6b8b\u969c\u540c\u5b66\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5efa\u7acb\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u4e0e\u6559\u80b2\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5b8c\u5168\u878d\u5165<\/strong>\u6307\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u878d\u5408\u5165\u63d0\u4f9b\u7279\u6b8a\u652f\u6301\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u6559\u80b2\u9879\u76ee\u5185\u3002\u5c31\u5b8c\u5168\u878d\u5165\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5b89\u7f6e\u70b9\u5373\u4e3a\u4e00\u822c\u6559\u80b2\u8bfe\u5802\u3002\u5b66\u751f\u65e0\u9488\u5bf9\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\u7279\u6b8a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u6559\u80b2\u8bfe\u5802\u7684\u4e00\u5458\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4ece\u7279\u6b8a\u65e5\u95f4\u8bfe\u5802\u878d\u5408\u6216\u7eb3\u5165\u4e00\u822c\u6559\u80b2\u8bfe\u5802\u3002\u5b66\u751f\u65e0\u9700\u5168\u5929\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u5185\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u79bb\u5f00\u8bfe\u5802\u53bb\u63a5\u53d7\u76f8\u5173\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8a00\u8bed\u6216\u7269\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u878d\u5408\u578b\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u9879\u76ee\u201c\u5b8c\u5168\u878d\u5165\u201d\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u63d0\u8bae\u7279\u5f81\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u89c1<em>\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\u5b8c\u5168\u878d\u5165\u9879\u76ee\u6307\u6807<\/em>\uff0c\u9644\u4ef6\u90e8\u5206\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/serr.disabilityrightsca.org\/serr-manual\/appendix\/o-indicators-of-fully-inclusive-programs-for-students-with-disabilities\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u9644\u4ef6 O\u3002<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u53cd\u5411\u7eb3\u5165\u4e3b\u6d41<\/strong>\u6307\u5411\u8bbe\u5907\u9f50\u5168\u6216\u9694\u79bb\u8bfe\u5802\uff08\u6216\u5b66\u6821\uff09\u5185\u6216\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u5dde\u533b\u9662\u5e76\u5728\u533b\u9662\u4e0a\u8bfe\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u63d0\u4f9b\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e0e\u975e\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\u4e00\u8d77\u4e92\u52a8\u3002\u5176\u5c06\u975e\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\u5e26\u5165\u8bbe\u5907\u9f50\u5168\u7684\u8bfe\u5802\u3001\u9694\u79bb\u573a\u5730\u6216\u5dde\u533b\u9662\u8bfe\u5802\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0e\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\u4e00\u8d77\u5de5\u4f5c\u6216\u5bf9\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\u8fdb\u884c\u8f85\u5bfc\u3002\u5b66\u533a\u4e0d\u5f97\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u5411\u7eb3\u5165\u4e3b\u6d41\u65b9\u5f0f\u6ee1\u8db3LRE\u8981\u6c42\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e94\u91c7\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u8ba9\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\u8d70\u51fa\u7279\u6b8a\u8bfe\u5802\uff0c\u5e76\u878d\u5165\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u878d\u5408\u578b\u73af\u5883\u3002\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u7eb3\u5165\u4e3b\u6d41\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4eba\u4e3a\u878d\u5408\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4e2a\u522b\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u8ba1\u5212 (Individualized Education Program, IEP) \u56e2\u961f\u5e94\u8003\u8651\u505a\u51fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u9f13\u52b1\u4e0e\u975e\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\u66f4\u591a\u81ea\u7136\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u5b89\u7f6e\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7279\u6b8a\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u6559\u80b2\u8001\u5e08\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u53d6\u521b\u65b0\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\uff08\u4e25\u91cd\u6b8b\u969c\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u969c\u788d\uff09\u548c\u975e\u6b8b\u969c\u5b66\u751f\u4e4b\u95f4\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u3002&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8054\u90a6\u6216\u5dde\u6cd5\u4ee4\u5e76\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u6216\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd9\u4e9b\u672f\u8bed\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u7f16\u5236\u7684\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684 LRE \u8981\u6c42\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u673a\u6784\uff08\u5b66\u533a\u3001\u7279\u8bb8\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u672c\u5730\u89c4\u5212\u533a (Special Education Local Planning Areas, SELPA) \u6216\u53bf\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff09\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a&nbsp; \u5176\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u4e0e\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u672f\u8bed\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5c31\u76f8\u5173\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u610f\u89c1\u3002&nbsp; 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